A small piece of land nghĩa là gì năm 2024
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A second school highlights the distinctive role of regional governments in federal systems, however designated - states, provinces, republics, cantons, Länder.North AmericanThe German Länder have, as it were, an organic claim to authority, and have represented their local communities for much longer.BritishKohl insisted that these extensions would undermine the position of the German Länder.BritishIn 1991 the new Länder accounted for 20 per cent of reunified Germany's combined labour force but less than 7 per cent of its combined GNP.BritishThis offered the respective Länder governments the possibility of exerting the leading influence, but usually the main opposition party was able to ensure some influence for itself.BritishThese hopes were fuelled by reports from the Länder regarding a significant lowering in the number of crimes involving right-wing violence.British Show
word originGerman, literally ‘land’ landvolume_up UK /land/noun1. (mass noun) the part of the earth's surface that is not covered by water, as opposed to the sea or the airthe reptiles lay their eggs on landafter four weeks at sea we sighted land▪ (as modifier) living or travelling on land rather than in water or the aira land force▪an area of ground, especially in terms of its ownership or usehe bought 360 acres of landwaste landlands measures to reduce logging on federal lands▪the landground or soil used as a basis for agriculturemy family had worked the land for many years▪the landrural areas and the rural way of lifemany people are leaving the land and going to work in the city▪ (count noun) (South African English) an area fenced off for cultivation; a field2. a country or statethe valley is one of the most beautiful in the landthe lands of the Middle East▪(in combination) a particular sphere of activity or group of peoplethe blunt, charmless climate of techno-land▪a conceptual areayou're living in a fantasy land3. the space between the rifling grooves in a gunverb1. (with object) put (someone or something) on land from a boathe landed his troops at Hastings▪ (no object) go ashore; disembarkthe marines landed at a small jetty▪bring (a fish) to land with a net or rodhe landed 43 on Saturday▪ (informal) succeed in obtaining or achieving (something desirable), especially in the face of competitionshe landed the starring role in a new film2. (no object) come down through the air and rest on the ground or another surfacewe will shortly be landing at Gatwicka fly landed on Tom's nose▪ (with object) bring (an aircraft or spacecraft) to the ground or the surface of water in a controlled waythe co-pilot landed the plane▪reach the ground after falling or jumpinghe leapt over the fence and landed nimbly on his feet▪ (with adverbial of place) (of an object) come to rest after falling or being thrownthe plate landed in her lap▪ (informal) (of something undesirable or unexpected) arrive suddenlythere were more problems than ever landing on her desk3. (with object) (informal) inflict (a blow) on someoneI won the fight without landing a single punch phraseshow the land liesin the land of the livingthe land of the freethe land of Nodland on one's feetland with one's bum in the butterlive off the landthe lie of the land phrasal verbsland inland upland up withland with word originOld English land, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch land and German Land land agentvolume_up UK /ˈland eɪdʒ(ə)nt/noun (British English) 1. a person employed to manage an estate on behalf of its ownersExamplesMark Osborne, a land agent and estate management expert, said: ‘Scottish grouse moors have been in serious decline for decades and the future is bleak.’BritishIn 1900 O'Grady recalled working as a land agent on the family estate in the Land League winter of 1881-82.Irish2. a person who deals with the sale of landthe fraudulent land agent sold him a worthless plotExamplesI wanted to leave a message for you, a forwarding address, but my house was purchased by a land agent, and I presume he sold it on quite quickly.BritishIn Humberside a woman was injured when a device was sent to an estate and land agent in Patrington.British derivativesland agency land agencynounland agent nounExamplesShaw began working as a clerk in a land agency at the age of fifteen, but abandoned that career before age twenty and resolved to fashion himself as a modern Shakespeare.North American land breezenouna breeze blowing towards the sea from the land, especially at night, owing to the relative warmth of the seaCompare with sea breezeExamplesDuring the day, there'd be a cool land breeze blowing in the other direction.IndianIt was still early enough in the morning for there to be the hint of a land breeze, and on that day there were hordes of dainty white and yellow butterflies everywhere.AustralianThere is a word for each wind from the points of our compass, but, for example, they would translate, variously, as ‘south wind, cyclone, cold land breeze.’North American land councilnoun (Australian English) a body appointed to represent Aboriginal land interestsland councils identify those who, by traditional succession, inherit rights to particular landExamplesThe Kooma people had been granted a sheep property through the indigenous lands council.AustralianThere was a conflict over demands made by the Tasmanian Aboriginal Land Council for the return of archaeological materials on the basis of their spiritual values.North AmericanSubject to particular categories of exception, land can be claimed by a Land Council if it is, at the time of the claim, vested in the Crown.AustralianLast week, he attended a national native title conference along with a hundred or so other native title lawyers from Australia's 25 native title representative bodies or land councils.Australian land crabnouna crab that lives in burrows inland and migrates in large numbers to the sea to breedFamily Gecarcinidae: Cardisoma and other generaExamplesThe woods around the fort buildings are a good place to spot several kinds of land crab, and migrant bird species nest in the nearby marsh.CaribbeanHowever, there are also swimming crabs and land crabs, and the range of sizes and configurations is huge.BritishThis phenomenon has been particularly thoroughly studied in land crabs, which often occur in habitats containing both seawater and freshwater.North AmericanOther predators include: rats, cats, wild pigs, land crabs, sharks, and humansNorth American land drainnouna drain made of porous or perforated piping and placed in a gravel-filled trench, used for subsoil drainageExamplesWe can't get vehicles up the hillside and if we go across our field it will destroy the land drain, which cost us 20,000, and their back gardens will be flooded.BritishThe method of transferring the cream, by manipulating a grundy on the back of a van parked on a slope near a land drain was unsafe, and there had been no adequate risk assessment.BritishAs underwater search teams began scouring a nearby watercourse - a land drain off Dane Park Road - land-based officers were searching the streets around Hotham Road North in west Hull.BritishThe problem was that the leaking water was getting into the land drain and then flowing out.British land girlnoun (historical) (in the UK) a woman doing farm work, especially during the Second World WarExamplesJoyce, 73, who was a land girl, met Bob, 71, who was a farm worker, at a dance at Howden in 1950.BritishAnd this is the first time, since she was orphaned at the age of 11, that Linda, 55, the daughter of a Southampton land girl, has held anything that belonged to her parents.BritishShe was helped by Joss, nine, and Wanda Criswell, six, whose great grandmother served as a land girl and whose grandfather took part in the D Day landings of 1944.IrishPat H has vivid memories of her years as a land girl.New ZealandJanet worked as a land girl at a wage of one pound a week.New Zealand land lawnoun (mass noun) also land lawsthe law governing real propertymedieval land lawland laws Sandinista land lawsExamplesMy father was a solicitor, specialising in real property (i.e. land law - not exactly non-brainy work).BritishThe system of registered title introduced the concept of absolute title into English land law, but by that time the rules of adverse possession were established on the basis of relative title.BritishSo we'll have a separate, specialist Land Tribunal with international land law and other experts on it; that's the proposal and we expect that to be accepted.AustralianConsider the significance of this when you are considering what topics to drop during revision - with a bit of luck, you can hawk beneficial interests round three exams, i.e. land law, equity and trusts and family law.British land mulletnouna large burrowing lizard of the skink family, with shiny fishlike scales, native to the coastal regions of eastern AustraliaEgernia major, family Scincidae land officevolume_up UK /ˈland ɒfɪs/noun (North American English) a government office recording dealings in public landExamplesIt has now two printing offices - each publish a paper; sixteen stores; several commission merchants; auctioneer; a land office; and various other public offices, which draw numbers of people from the country.North American‘But if many people lose their certificates in the same area, the subdistrict office could file all their claims in one application,’ said Yanto, an officer at the land office.East AsianHe had been unable to secure a travel advance before leaving Indiana, and thereafter the land office had repeatedly denied or delayed reimbursement for the expenses incurred in getting the survey started.North AmericanThis is the land office - how much for five acres?North American phrasesdo a land-office business land reformvolume_up UK /ˈland rɪfɔːm/noun (mass noun) the statutory division of agricultural land and its reallocation to landless peoplethe mild proposals of land reform(count noun) land reforms in TaiwanExamplesThe question is, how are they to unite the whole people around a programme of land reform instituted only in Caroni?CaribbeanWith promised international backing, a coherent and sustainable programme of land reform could alleviate rural poverty.BritishIt has thus drawn the controversial draft charter on black empowerment in the agricultural sector to try and expedite land reform.BritishThe monarchy was abolished and a programme of land reform inspired by the ICP was carried out, breaking the power of the landowners.British land taxnoun (mass noun) tax levied on landed propertythe rate of land tax remained high(count noun) payment was to be exacted through a land taxExamplesBut are they really going to say who is paying what tax, and reveal how much you could raise if you did a property tax or a wealth tax, or land tax?BritishEarlier this year the PSG provided clear guidance on dealing with the new stamp duty land tax in property transactions.BritishIn line with the recommendations of the draft White Paper, the State Government introduced substantial payroll tax reform, and also made significant changes to land tax and stamp duty.AustralianThe states still had open to them income tax, land tax, and sales tax.British land yachtvolume_up UK /ˈland jɒt/noun1. a wind-powered wheeled vehicle with sails, used for recreation and sportExamplesThe CPS has had to establish what legal status a sail powered land yacht comes under and investigate ancient by-laws covering the use of the beach and the legal responsibilities of the club and the council.BritishLast night they were racing a land yacht over the aerodrome until nearly midnight and Kraig was out on the quad racer until I came and spoiled his fun (must hide those keys).AustralianIn 1962, he was invited to join Rotary, where he passed on his ideas for the madcap Henley-on-Todd Regatta, which had sprung from an idea for a land yacht at the infrequently used airstrip in the early days.AustralianIn 2003, his Windjet land yacht broke a speed record, reaching 113 mph on ice.British2. (North American English, informal) a very large carthe bechromed land yachts of the 1950'sExamplesThroughout the 1950s and '60s, Americans were enjoying the golden age of the behemoth land yacht - the age of the Cadillac Sedan DeVille and the Lincoln Town Car - that signaled a different sense of self than the SUV.North AmericanWhile running errands the other day I pulled up behind a vintage, red, convertible Cadillac land yacht.North AmericanAnd when the ladies' lumbering land yacht runs out of petrol, they coincidentally find themselves at Bradley's doorstep.North AmericanSome fire up the Winnebago to head south as fast as their land yacht can take them, while snowmobilers and cross country skiers rejoice at the new season bringing the chance to enjoy their favorite form of winter recreation.North American Promised Landvolume_up UK //noun1. (in the Bible) the land of Canaan, that was promised to Abraham and his descendants (Gen. 12:7)2. the promised landa place or situation in which someone expects to find great happinessItaly is the promised land for any musicianExamplesEves credits his party with delivering Ontario from debt and unemployment to the promised land of productivity and job creation.CanadianFor foreign automakers, China has long been the promised land.East Asian land-grabbernoun1. a person who seizes and possesses land in an unfair or unlawful manner2. (historical) a person who took the land of an evicted Irish tenantExamplesThe so-called ‘land-grabber’ was not just despised; he was also the object of boycotting, cattle-maiming, arson, nocturnal gunfire, or worse.Irish derivativesland-grabbing land warsplural noun (New Zealand English) a series of wars fought in the nineteenth century between Māori people and the colonial government of New Zealand over the enforced sale of Māori lands to EuropeansAlso called New Zealand Wars:he was stationed in Tauranga during the land warsExamplesFirst up: the big white memorial to the soldiers who died in the land wars.New ZealandAt the outbreak of the Land Wars in 1860, he found himself a soldier, eventually rising to the rank of major.New Zealand land upland nounreach a place or situationthe ship landed up on the south coast of DevonI landed up in prison white landnoun (mass noun) open land not designated for development or change of use, or on which development is not allowedExamplesSocial systems vary across Indigenous groups - from city to country, from traditional to dislocated, from ‘home grown’ land council to white land council legislative creation and so on.AustralianHe passes a bill which allows the government to seize white land.BritishOne approach would be to show the site as white land, but since this notation does not appear at all in the Fareham Borough Local Plan I concluded that there should be no change.BritishIt is a truism with a bitter twist, because it has enabled him to afflict his own people with licence and impunity while promoting white land ownership as his country's major problem.British land banknoun1. a large area of land held by a public or private organization for future development or disposalExamplesMayo Co Council is continuing to seek a suitable land bank for the development of houses in Belmullet town.IrishThe proximity of the Goffs lands to this new interchange has given added impetus to our aspirations for the development of the land bank, according to Mr Osborne.IrishFingal County Council used its land bank and, in partner-ship with a private developer, over 700 housing units in a mix of social, affordable and private homes were built.IrishChina Resources Land's mainland land bank represents about 2.38 million square metres in gross floor area, for a total market value of 16.7 billion yuan.East Asian2. a bank that provides loans for the purchase of land, especially by farmers land bridgenouna connection between two land masses, especially a prehistoric one that allowed humans and animals to colonize new territory before being cut off by the sea, as across the Bering Strait and the English ChannelExamplesCatastrophic breaching of the hypothetical land bridge allowed salt water from the Mediterranean to pour into the Black Sea.North AmericanBetween about 8000 BC and 6000 BC rising sea levels severed the land bridge between Britain and the Continent.British land grantnoun (North American English) a grant of public land, especially to an institution, organization, or to particular groups of people(as modifier) land grant collegesExamplesLikewise, the land grant colleges transformed America's education system and, as a result, transformed America in a genuinely middle-class nation.North AmericanThe 1994 land grant institutions' distance education resources and their programs were non-existent prior to project collaboration with Montana State University for program delivery.North AmericanIn this respect, none of the land grant institutions appears to have successfully emphasized lengthy in country experiences, despite a professed plethora of opportunities.North AmericanIn 1860 what began as Bluemont College, later became Kansas State Agricultural College as a land grant for Manhattan when Kansas became a state.North American land massvolume_up UK /ˈland mas/nouna continent or other large body of landExamplesIt contains one fifth the land mass of the entire continental U.S.North AmericanThe force of a monsoon is driven by the continental land mass being hotter than the surrounding oceans.BritishThis stress was to lead to the break-up of the land mass, first appearing in the vicinity of the South Atlantic and the Indian Ocean.BritishThe area, part of a land mass that once joined Britain to northern Europe, disappeared about 8,000 years ago.North AmericanInstead, what is now the Lombardy region and some parts of Switzerland must have been a single land mass by the Jurassic period.BritishPhilip also had a far more compact principality to defend than the sprawling land mass of the Angevin empire in France, which took up in expenditure much of the revenue generated.British land piratenouna robber or highwaymanExamplesThese successive biographies provide a capsule history of popular views of criminals, for they manifest an increasing sympathy with the land pirate.North AmericanHe was nicknamed Chieftain because he looked more like a Viking warrior than a captain of land pirates.North AmericanThe broadside published in 1881 characterized the family as "money-mongerers, userers, and land pirates."North AmericanIn the late 1700s Jeremiah Smith began to become the man the world would eventually know as Fire Island's most notorious land pirate.North AmericanHis burden is made all the heavier by the difficulty of keeping the charming outlaw Macheath, at this point a roving land pirate, confined in Newgate Prison long enough to be hangedNorth American dry landvolume_up UK /drʌɪ ˈland/noun (mass noun) land as opposed to the sea or another body of waterthe tide came in and cut off his route to dry landExamplesJust as little Hannah landed safely on dry land, the sharks entered the water.AustralianThey are also capable of emerging from water and crossing dry land.BritishOn Earth, valleys occur both on dry land and beneath the sea; there are also valleys on the Moon, Mars, and Venus.BritishThese monstrous sea scorpions occasionally emerged out of the water to venture onto dry land.Australian land-grabbingnounland-grabber nounExamplesAnd yet the land-grabbing shows no signs of slowing down.North AmericanThere are a host of other things they're doing right now, that is majorly against the poor - like land-grabbing, but they'll never be in the news.East AsianThe catalogue of documented reports includes rape, plundering, land-grabbing, arson of Hindu temples, bomb attacks and personal injury.BritishStaging a coup might work, but ironically in this case land-grabbing might be the way to go.BritishIt is a tale of suffering from continued land-grabbing, dispossession, disinheritance, and displacement coupled with powerlessness and the virtual absence of an organized and effective military.North American land inland nounland someone in something (informal) cause someone to be in a difficult or unwelcome situationhis exploits always landed him in troubleExamplesFollow these precautions for the first few dates with anyone and you'll never land up in a sticky situation!North AmericanThe fight got uglier when her husband and friend reached the spot and they all landed up at the police station.IndianWhat if the wind changes, and you land up somewhere that leaves you feeling unprepared?North AmericanSomehow the bill always lands up on the rate-payers' doormats!British landrailvolume_up UK /ˈlandreɪl/nounanother term for corncrakeExamplesThe exception is the corncrake (also called landrail), Crex crex, which is less marsh-loving in its haunts and is highly regarded in the autumn, after the harvest, when it is well fed and ready to make its annual migration south to Africa.British Dayakvolume_up UK /ˈdʌɪak/also DyaknounWord forms: (plural) Dayak or (or plural) Dayaks1. a member of a group of Indigenous peoples inhabiting parts of Borneo, including the Iban (or Sea Dayak) of the north, the Land Dayak of the south-west, and the Punan2. (mass noun) the group of Austronesian languages spoken by the Dayakadjectiverelating to the Dayak or their languages word originMalay, literally ‘up-country’ height of landnoun (North American English) a watershedExamplesThe operating area of the company lies within the height of land around the lake system and in the Three Valley Gap area of south central British Columbia.CanadianLike the caribou, hunters would travel along lake shorelines and other heights of land.North American cloud cuckoo landvolume_up UK /klaʊd ˈkʊkuː land/noun (mass noun) a state of absurdly over-optimistic fantasyanyone who believes that the Bill will be effective is living in cloud cuckoo land word originlate 19th century: translation of Greek Nephelokokkugia, the name of the city built by the birds in Aristophanes' comedy Birds, from nephelē ‘cloud’ + kokkux ‘cuckoo’ la-la landvolume_up UK /ˈlɑːlɑː ˌland/noun (mass noun) (North American English, informal) 1. Los Angeles or Hollywood, especially with regard to the film and television industrythe magazine's special Hollywood issue has sent la-la land into a state of apoplexy2. a fanciful state or dreamworldhe looks like he's in la-la land the whole time word originla-la, reduplication of LA (i.e. Los Angeles) never-never landvolume_up UK /nɛvəˈnɛvə ˌland/nounan imaginary utopian place or situationa never-never land of unreal prices and easy bank loansExamplesI praise the aspirations of the girls I have just met and say that it is heartening to hear that they are reaching for professions rather than the never-never land of pop and modelling fame.BritishThose two jokers may be happy in their never-never land, but it's time they recognised reality.British word originlate 19th century (in the sense ‘remote outback of Australia’): often with allusion to the ideal country in J. M. Barrie's Peter Pan unlock the landunlock verb (Australian English, historical) release Crown land to be used for small farmsthe administration would press forward with legislation to unlock the landExamplesIncreasingly she used her renown to intervene publicly on a range of issues, including "unlocking the lands" of pastoralists.BritishColonial governments answered this call in their 1860s development rhetoric of "unlocking the land".BritishThe movement to unlock the lands and settle them with small farmers was, in part, a demand for the abolition of official privilege.BritishDemands for unlocking the lands emerged as the main opposition to the market-based nostrums of liberal political economy.British wide brown landnoun (Australian English) a name for Australiathe richness and complexity of life in the wide brown landExamplesWe live in the centre of this wide brown land, far away, yet roughly equidistant from, any beach in Australia.AustralianHe is relishing this last tour around the wide brown land before gallivanting off overseas again.AustralianThe bus shelter is a desolate place in the middle of nowhere and the three occupants surely represent three types of people so often found right across this wide brown land.AustralianThese powerful Australians hope to radically shift government policy on water resources and make a move at last towards drought-proofing this wide brown land.Australian word origin1908: from the poem ‘My Country’ by Dorothea Mackellar (1885–1968) land up withland nounland up with something (British English) end up with an unwelcome situationI landed up with three broken ribsExamplesIt's a vote for a smoother, wittier, more stylish world than the one we've landed up with: the chink of glass against glass and the devastating couplet.BritishOut of five pitches, however, we land up with one new client.New ZealandThe merged firm will land up with two overlapping product sets that are difficult to integrate and a client set that will be unwilling to migrate.BritishWhich genes we land up with and how they interact with our pre- and post natal environments is a lottery.Australian the land of Nodland noun (humorous) a state of sleepthe tape is guaranteed to send babies and toddlers to the land of Nod word originpunningly, with biblical allusion to the place name Nod (Gen. 4:16)ExamplesI fought off the sleep interruption and went back to the land of Nod.BritishI want to stay where it is safe, lost in the sleepy, dreamy land of Nod.AustralianMay dreams of the fearless left-winger escort you to the land of Nod.BritishI left, drank my hot chocolate and so to bed with disappointed musings as I drifted off to the land of Nod.British Crown landnoun (mass noun) also Crown lands1. land belonging to the British Crownrevenue from Crown landsExamplesOfficers contemplated serving an enforcement notice, but were thwarted when they searched the Land Register and found that the field was Crown land, bought by the Department for Transport for the M11 project.BritishThe CRoW Act states that dogs must be kept on short leads during the ground nesting season, but this only applies to public land, whereas most of the Forest is Crown land.BritishWe can ride anywhere on open Crown land and on tracks through the woodland.BritishThe reading rooms were built by public subscription and the church hall by church subscription on Crown land donated by Queen Victoria.British2. land belonging to the state in some parts of the CommonwealthExamplesA recalcitrant province insists it won't play the odds when deciding how to dispose of Crown land in British Columbia.CanadianHunting, fishing and recreational opportunities on Crown land should be ensured for all British Columbians.CanadianThe working forest initiative determined that B.C. needs to protect and identify the working Crown land base in British Columbia, which is about 45 million hectares, he said.CanadianI have not checked the Western Australian Mining Act 1933 for this, but does it distinguish, as some Mining Acts do, between mining on private land and mining on Crown land?Australian grazing landnoun (mass noun) also grazing landsgrassland suitable for cattle, sheep, etc. to graze onon the lower slopes there is grazing landthe animals have returned from their winter grazing landsExamplesA plan was attached to the letter showing the relationship of the farm buildings to the grazing land.BritishDrained by the Ouse, the western parts were good arable land, the eastern good grazing land.BritishAt any time rural Afrikaners were inclined to migrate in search of fresh grazing land.BritishThe plots' nine species are based on surveys of what northeastern dairy farmers use to seed their grazing lands.North American landownershipUK /ˈlandˌəʊnəʃɪp/nounlandowner nounExamplesBut it would probably be good to balance that with your own experience: When property stays your own when you move off the land, how do you draw the land to massive absentee landownership?BritishAsked to explain why he felt a land reform bill was necessary, he said it was needed to reverse the decline of the Highlands caused by the historic pattern of landownership.BritishIncrease in non-resident landownership, disappearance of certain town industries, and growth in residential, recreational, commercial, and other intensive uses of land, also were responsible.North AmericanGeorge recognizes not only that the practice of private landownership has long enjoyed legal and social sanction, but also that present owners have in numerous cases purchased their holdings with capital acquired by acceptable means.North AmericanSo even from a standpoint of social utility, the criterion according to which Ryan proclaims private landownership to be a natural right, the Georgist approach would seem empirically to be at least as capable of vindication.North American landholdervolume_up UK /ˈlandˌhəʊldə/nouna person who owns land, especially one who either makes their living from it or rents it out to othersExamplesSimilarly in urban areas landholders have anticipated clearing land for residential and other urban uses.North AmericanWhen, in the course of administering town planning, a public planning authority approves an application by or on behalf of a landholder to use land for a more intensive use, the value of the land is increased.North AmericanLandholders who have owned a property for a long period may tend to have developed a larger attachment value to the property than landholders who have only owned the property for a short period.BritishBut the rent that is left to the landholder would not be at a constant level.North American landholdingvolume_up UK /ˈlandˌhəʊldɪŋ/noun1. a piece of land owned or rentedwealthy merchants purchased landholdingsExamplesNow aged 20 and worth an estimated $2.1 billion, his empire includes extensive landholdings, real estate, castles, works of art and business.IrishOnly 70 percent of landholdings or estates may be planted; the unplanted land has been set aside as a nature preserve.North AmericanIreland was one of the first countries in Europe in which peasants could purchase their landholdings.North AmericanWe have experienced the submergence, but what will happen to the farmers of M.P. with large landholdings, even about 50-500 acres of land.Indian2. (mass noun) possession or rental of landunder the reform private landholding was restrictedExamplesOther institutional issues surrounding landholding and land tenure must also be explored.BritishEarly in the socialist period, the nationalization of industries, commerce, and most services, along with the forced collectivization of agrarian landholding, brought about the end of private property.BritishAt the same time powerful landed nobles, on whom the tsar depended most immediately for social support and high state personnel, became increasingly resistant to political reform or changes in the patterns of landholding.North AmericanFinally, we consider the penal laws, which denied the Catholic Irish civil entitlements and placed severe restrictions on education and landholding.Irish landlinevolume_up UK /ˈlan(d)lʌɪn/nouna conventional telecommunications connection by cable laid across landExamplesMore and more people are using mobile phones as their home phone, keeping their landlines strictly for broadband service.North AmericanSecondly, mobile phones, landlines, IP telephony all now can interconnect with one another, making the world a smaller place.North AmericanThis is a key point: wireless phones could never have replaced landlines on landline phones' own terms.North AmericanAmbulance and police stations were forced to resort to mobile phones as their landlines and radio transmissions failed in the aftermath of the cable fire.BritishMore of them have broadband connections and a much larger percentage have ditched their landlines for mobile phones.North AmericanIt can be connected to a landline or a wireless phone for Internet browsing.East Asian landmanvolume_up UK /ˈlan(d)man/nounWord forms: (plural) landmen (North American English) an agent employed by an oil or gas company to secure leases of mineral rights and land for drillingthe landmen have already arrived to buy leases and set up what is likely to be the biggest oil and gas boom in the countryExamplesHe was a former oil-and-gas landman and executive.North AmericanWhat seemed an easy task becomes complicated by locals' objections and, ultimately, the landman's own crisis of conscience.British landminevolume_up UK /ˈlan(d)mʌɪn/nounan explosive mine laid on or just under the surface of the groundExamplesMost are the result of roadside bombs, landmines and rocket attacks on military camps.North AmericanWe had all done a lot of training with explosives and landmines and things.CanadianAt the grave risk of committing sacrilege, let's tread some dangerous ground infested with landmines.IndianThose that do not explode lie on the ground like landmines, waiting for people to step on them.North AmericanI couldn't quite hear him because I stepped on a landmine and the explosion has made me deaf.BritishShe has just stepped on a landmine and she is clinging to life.North American fantasy landvolume_up UK /ˈfantəsɪ ˌland/noun (mass noun) a place that is unreal or imaginary or that excites wonderI live in the real world, not fantasy land(in singular) you step out of the realm of reality and enter a fantasy landliving in a fantasy land of endless prosperity and happiness(as modifier) the restaurant is famous for its fantasy-land decor of twinkling lights and glitzy mirrors how the land liesland noun (British English) what the situation islet's keep it to ourselves until we see how the land liesExamplesJust to see how the land lies, I approached Dave Linley, who has been given the job of looking after the spare tickets.BritishYour response counts, because it tells them, and the BBC how the land lies.BritishLet's see how the land lies after Grafton Street opens, OK?IrishHe's had a hand in one long-standing magazine and one that went under, so he seemed like the perfect person to show me how the land lies in the magazine world.New Zealand live off the landland nounlive on whatever food one can obtain by hunting, gathering, or subsistence farmingGeorge used the fieldcraft taught to him by his father to live off the landExamplesOften relocated to disadvantaged areas, the Ojibwa faced poverty and bare subsistence through living off the land and/or farming.North AmericanThe soldiers learn how to catch food and live off the land.North AmericanSome 90 percent of the population live off the land, mostly as subsistence farmers.North AmericanThey have been living off the land there ever since, joined by a slow but steady stream of family and friends whose faces now look out from the pictures dotted around the display.North American lotus landnoun1. (Greek mythology) the land of the lotus eatersSee lotus eaterpeople have searched long and hard for Homer's lotus land2. a place regarded as conducive to a carefree or idyllic lifestylethey are not the only ones who want to spend their golden years in Canada's lotus landExamplesThis is the sort of matter-of-fact lotus land where a high quality of life is considered an inalienable right, where stress is considered bad karma, and where ‘going with the flow ‘is usually a reference to kayaking.’BritishFor the disenchanted lover of Americana, this lotus land was now ‘a hellish plateau for a thousand souls dying every day.’British the land of the freeland nounthe United States of Americain the land of the free virtually anyone is free to wield a gunExamplesHe wouldn't stop talking about his first glimpse of the Statue of Liberty from the ship that brought him to the land of the free as a teenage immigrant.BritishI'm in the land of the free, and I won't be blogging.BritishYes, I just moved back from London to the land of the free.North AmericanAnd while over-consumption is hardly new in the land of the free, marketers are increasingly targeting children.British the lie of the landthe lay of the land (North American English)land noun1. the features or characteristics of an areaa night patrol went to scout out the lie of the landExamplesBy looking at the lie of the land, at field names, and Ordnance Survey maps, anyone can begin to piece together the history of a landscape.He believes houses should be built along the natural lie of the land.2. the current situation or state of affairsshe was beginning to see the lie of the land with her in-lawsExamplesThe meetings were tentative efforts at getting to know the lie of the land.Political parties are eager to learn the lie of the land and judge the mood of the electorate. do a land-office businessland office noun (informal) do a lot of successful tradingthe tattoo artist was doing a land-office businessExamplesIt's not surprising that companies offering a way to raise credit scores are doing a land-office business.North AmericanThe local pizza joint did a land office business around 6:00 pm.North American crash-landvolume_up UK /ˈkraʃland/ • UK /ˌkraʃˈland/verb (no object) (of an aircraft) land roughly in an emergency, typically without lowering the undercarriagethe plane crash-landed at the airport and caught fireExamplesA pilot who narrowly escaped injury when his light aircraft crash-landed at a farm airstrip near Swindon has blamed soft ground as one possible cause of the incident.BritishThe third airlift was a total disaster, with bundles dropping into enemy hands and planes and gliders crash-landing throughout the area.North AmericanAll but seven of the 80 crew members survived, even though most had to bail out or crash-land because their aircraft ran out of fuel before reaching landing sites in China.North AmericanAll eight aircraft were forced to crash-land on Greenland on 15 July 1942.North American force-landverb (no object) bring an aircraft abruptly to the ground or the surface of water in an emergencythey force-landed successfully(with object) the pilot, noticing technical problems, took the decision to force-land the plane soft-landvolume_up UK /ˌsɒf(t)ˈland/verb (no object) (of a spacecraft) land in a controlled manner without incurring serious damagethe unmanned lunar rover has successfully soft-landed on the moon(with object) the first time humans have soft-landed a probe on a comet's surface adlandvolume_up UK /ˈadland/noun (mass noun) (informal) the business world of advertising and advertisersthe company lost nearly all the people whose names meant anything in adlandExamplesIt's the sort of place that exists in London's adland, in Soho, where you feel you're swimming against the tide unless you're kitted out from head to toe in Prada.BritishPeter Robinson asks if alternative rock has finally sold its soul to adland.BritishReading the making of the story at adland, no one will be surprised to learn they came up with the ideas in 24 hours, and shot them in like a week.North AmericanWhat we see, though, are not the bright, seductive confections of adland, but the rough timber poles and frames that support these messages.North American booklandvolume_up UK /ˈbʊklənd/noun (mass noun) (British English, historical) an area of common land granted by charter to a private owner before the Norman conquest word originOld English bocland, from bóc ‘charter’ + land. The term was applied eventually to all land that was not folcland, i.e. land subject to traditional communal obligations landbankingvolume_up UK /ˈlandbaŋkɪŋ/noun (mass noun) the practice of buying land as an investment, holding it for future use and making no specific plans for its developmentExamplesEvery single Councillor supported this measure due to their awareness that speculative land banking must be controlled.AustralianProposals to relax planning rules will fuel the expansion of the practice of land banking, which leaves fields and woods neglected, a report said yesterday.BritishProjects for land banking… were by no means lacking long after commercial banks had been well established in this country.North AmericanThe unscrupulous practice of 'landbanking' has seen a sharp rise in 2009.North American landlockedvolume_up UK /ˈlan(d)lɒkt/adjective1. (of a country or region) almost or entirely surrounded by landI was raised in landlocked Winnipeg2. (of a lake or harbour) enclosed by land and having no navigable route to the seaa chain of landlocked lagoons3. (of a fish, especially a North American salmon) cut off from the sea in the past and now confined to fresh waterMaine's landlocked sebago salmon landowningUK /ˈlandəʊnɪŋ/adjective, nounlandowner nounExamplesIn the south, where aristocrats sponsored the first settlements, a landowning elite held sway over an impoverished population.BritishIn Great Britain the landowning aristocracy sought to protect itself by having the government pass protective ‘Corn Laws’ which kept out cheap foreign grain for the benefit of home producers.BritishThe landowning peasants and village elites who were subjected to signorial lordship normally remained landowners, and still were when signorial powers faded again in the thirteenth century.BritishConcentration on two quite different local societies yields important insights into the relations between partisan loyalties, landowning, rural social class, and ethnicity.North American landsidevolume_up UK /ˈlan(d)sʌɪd/noun (often as modifier) the side of an airport terminal to which the general public has unrestricted accessContrasted with airsidethe landside length of the buildingExamplesYRM prepared 3D computer panoramic views of the spaces within the landside and airside lounges in the airport terminal.North AmericanIt's covered parking directly connected to the landside terminal by an overpass over the airport pickup/drop-off lanes.North Americanadverbon or to the landside of an airport terminala new executive lounge has opened airside no man's landnoun (mass noun) 1. disputed ground between the front lines or trenches of two opposing armiesenemy soldiers facing you across no man's land2. an indeterminate or undefined place or statethe no man's land between the two parties is where presidential contests are won and lostan unmapped no man's land between the traditional command economy and the market3. (count noun) a piece of unowned land or wastelandbetween Riverside Drive and Central Park West was a no man's land, a zone of welfare tenements word originMiddle English: originally the name of a plot of ground lying outside the north wall of the city of London, the site of a place of execution land of the long white cloudalso land of the great white cloudnouna name for New Zealandthe airline is hoping to continue taking off from the land of the long white cloudExamplesHe returns to the land of the long white cloud for a three-day multi-sport event.AustralianIn the land of the long white cloud, Maori minds are being challenged.Australian word originlate 19th century: a popular translation of Aotearoa, the Māori name for New Zealand gumlandvolume_up UK /ˈɡʌmland/noun (mass noun) (New Zealand English) land on which kauri trees once grew, often still yielding valuable kauri resin but typically with poor-quality soilhe took waste gumland and made clean and productive pastureExamplesBy 1895, Yelas had earned enough from gum to buy his own piece of gum-land in the Henderson Valley.New ZealandGumland soils are confined mainly but not entirely to flat land or moderate slopes.New Zealand in the land of the livingland nounalive or awakethe doctor was amazed to find me still in the land of the livingif the general's in the land of the living, I'd like a word word origina translation of a Hebrew idiom or expression: see Psalm 27:13, 52:5; Isaiah 38:11, 53:8ExamplesAm now back in the land of the living, only to be faced with ten bazillion emails and two letters from the House of Commons (that'll be my MP then).BritishIn that instance, as it is now, it was very comforting to know that I was wrong and he had been slyly enjoying his years in the land of the living.North American theatrelandvolume_up UK /ˈθɪətəland/noun (mass noun) (informal) the district of a city in which most theatres are situatedExamplesThe hotel is slap-bang in the middle of Covent Garden and theatreland, with Leicester Square and Soho also close by.BritishHe did promote several big shows there but the Docklands was out of the way of Central London and West End theatreland, not then served by the light railway.BritishBarely having had a chance to catch breath after appearing in The Rat Pack in London's theatreland, Stephen Triffitt, will be in that tuxedo again celebrating the music of Frank Sinatra, writes Christine van Emst.BritishIt was a venerable and respected venue with a proud history that Arthur had taken possession of in a bid to bring something new to London's theatreland.British scripvolume_up UK /skrɪp/noun1. a provisional certificate of money subscribed to a bank or company, entitling the holder to a formal certificate and dividends▪ (mass noun) scrip certificates collectively▪also scrip issue or scrip dividendan issue of additional shares to shareholders in proportion to the shares already held2. also land scrip (North American English) a certificate entitling the holder to acquire possession of certain portions of public land3. (mass noun) (North American English, historical) paper money in amounts of less than a dollar word originlate 16th century (originally in the sense ‘a short note or document’): probably an alteration of scrap; scrip (sense 1 noun) is an abbreviation of subscription receipt scripvolume_up UK /skrɪp/noun (historical) a small bag or pouch, typically one carried by a pilgrim, shepherd, or beggarExamplesFinally he sniffed and folded the remains of his meal into a square of cloth before stuffing it back into the leather scrip at his waist.CanadianA good shepherd, St. Bernard used to say, has always bread in his scrip, and his dog in his keeping.North AmericanHe then snatched the fallen warrior's arms and robes under which he had concealed a scrip full of gold fastened to his loins.Indian word originMiddle English: probably a shortening of Old French escrepe ‘purse’ scripvolume_up UK /skrɪp/nounanother term for scriptExamplesThe centrepiece of the auction, however, are Marlon Brando's scrips for various movies including The Score and Apocalypse Now.British live off the fat of the landalso live on the fat of the landfat nounhave the best of everythinglandlords and merchants lived off the fat of the landExamplesI wished that I was her, and that I had naturally curly hair and that I was an artist, living off the fat of the land, as it were, because it seemed totally alien to me that your family would ever support your own artistic inclinations.North AmericanCheck the long lines at stands operated by nocturnal vendors, men literally living off the fat of the land, for clear indication of how many people confront-on a nightly basis-the outlawed practice of eating far too near bedtime.CaribbeanIt could be said that he lives off the fat of the land.BritishAs the play opens under a setting sun we see the care and love the two men have for each other, epitomised by George's tale of a small farm where they can both ‘live off the fat of the land’.British Metrolandvolume_up UK /ˈmɛtrə(ʊ)land/nounthe area around London served by the underground railway(as modifier) the M25 threatens any lingering end-of-line Metroland romance attached to Bushy Bushey or Sunny SuttonExamplesJust over 70 years ago my newlywed grandparents moved into a Metroland semi on the banks of the canal here (hidden behind the trees to the left at the rear of the photo).BritishThe housing estates, the shopping parades, the mock-Tudor pubs duly sprang up alongside the line. It was a Metroland fit for heroes.British word origin1915: from metropolitan + land land on one's feetalso fall on one's feetland nounhave good luck or successafter some ups and downs he has finally landed on his feetExamplesBut no, miss high and mighty, you've landed on your feet and you don't need your old dad any more, that's for sure.AustralianRanieri has landed on his feet, loved and lauded in two cities.BritishFor starters he left me after I'd supported him for six months of him being unemployed, just as I lost my job and he landed on his feet.BritishHe said his son was a lucky person who always landed on his feet.British land with one's bum in the butterland noun(South African English, informal) find oneself in a very fortunate or advantageous situation or positiondespite the calamities, he always lands with his bum in the butter word originapparently after Afrikaans om met sy gat in die botter te val clublandvolume_up UK /ˈklʌbland/noun (mass noun) (British English) 1. the world of nightclubs and of people who frequent themhe was already a star in clubland(as modifier) the show featured four clubland favouritesExamplesHaving moved to London just in time to embrace its vibrant 1980s clubland scene, he now devotes his time to writing comedy sketches and radio plays as well as his artwork.BritishTrained as a doorman to national standards, he is teaching the actors restraining techniques and telling clubland anecdotes to familiarise them with a bouncer's world.British2. an area of a town or city with many nightclubsExamplesJust four years after the council leader criticised police for allowing ‘rampant lawlessness’ to grip the city's clubland, they are now the envy of the rest of the country.BritishThis eight-floor entertainment complex, which opened last October, holds 2500 people at a prestigious address in the heart of clubland London.British coastlandvolume_up UK /ˈkəʊs(t)lənd/ • UK /ˈkəʊs(t)land/noun (mass noun) also coastlandsan expanse of land near the seaExamplesFor a course at the Helsinki University of Technology, we imagined a day when global warming had caused the polar ice caps to melt and the sea level to rise, submerging coastlands and whole islands.North AmericanA walker with plenty of stamina and a fair sense of balance can make a memorable week's hike westward along the Sfakiot coastlands by way of the footpaths through these great canyons.BritishDuring most of its history Libya has been inhabited by Arab and Berber nomads, only the coastlands and oases being settled.BritishIn the next forty years, English and Flemish settlers poured into the rich arable coastlands of south Wales.BritishAnd that is how a state effort to protect coastlands derailed the most environmentally progressive development California had ever seen.North AmericanThe area would never become like Mexico's coastlands.North American eurolandvolume_up UK /ˈjʊərə(ʊ)land/ • UK /ˈjɔːrə(ʊ)land/nounthe economic region formed by those member countries of the European Union that have adopted the euroExamplesAnd that would be economic carnage in the UK, economic miracle in Euroland - then the Euro might look like the only way out.BritishTrue, there are some rational grounds for preferring the euro to the dollar: in contrast to the US, Euroland's economic problems can largely be solved without a major currency decline.North AmericanAs the past few months have shown, a recovery in global economic demand in both Euroland and emerging Asia has not made any kind of appreciable positive impact on the US trade position; quite the contrary in fact.North AmericanThe remaining euro bulls bay for an immediate response from Euroland's monetary officials, be it through intervention or further rates hikes, in order to check the vertiginous slide of the currency.North American word origin1980s: from Euro- or euro + land fairylandvolume_up UK /ˈfɛːrɪland/noun1. the imaginary home of fairiesExamplesShe continued to be inventive in her use of materials; some of her work in painted plaster relief and free-standing or hanging plastic, for example, explored a fairyland of imaginary flora and fauna.BritishHolding one in her hand, Song said with a smile: ‘It looks like a fairyland, full of stories.’East Asian2. a beautiful placein the evening the streets become a fairyland(as modifier) a fairyland castleExamplesWhat followed was a whirlwind of travel far from their simple bush home and a new life in sophisticated Vienna, a fairyland of enchanting castles and unimagined luxury.AustralianFrom this elevated viewpoint the peaks of the Paine massif appeared as tightly packed turrets in some fairyland castle.British3. an imagined ideal placethis can seem like fairyland in our kind of violent worldExamplesThere is a certain confidence and strength and a kind of utopian fairyland represented in this painting.And they want us to base our economic policy on this fairyland.North American meadowlandvolume_up UK /ˈmɛdəʊland/noun (mass noun) also meadowlandsland used for the cultivation of grass for haya large village in open meadowlandthe funds will help conserve endangered meadowlandsExamplesEach heir must get an equal share of land of each quality: meadowlands, pastureland, woodland, etc.North AmericanI will ask you politely - return me to my men in the meadowlands and return these royal ladies to their proper place and I shall consider the obligation fulfilled.BritishShe stared affectionately across the meadowlands that surrounded her as a light warm breeze ran teasing fingers through her hair, knowing exactly where she was.North AmericanTrimble stops - abruptly - and contemplates the peaceful meadowlands by the River Bann lying below him, with their placid herds of grazing cattle.Irish tablelandvolume_up UK /ˈteɪblland/nouna broad, high level region; a plateauExamplesAt its southern end, the terrain drops down to the Santa Rosa Plateau, a 2,000-foot-high tableland with canyons, mesas, and low hills.North AmericanBig Mountain sits atop a rolling tableland called Black Mesa, beneath which lie an estimated 20 billion tons of high-quality, low-sulfur coal.North AmericanHe noted that the gorge cut through an elevated tableland and extended about 11 kilometres from the Falls down to Queenston.North AmericanThe northeast is a land of gently rolling tablelands interrupted by granite hills and rock formations.North AmericanBefore the tableland rose entirely above sea level, the waters covering it became increasingly shallow and a swamp forest moved into the niche.North AmericanFollow the shoreline past the cave, and eventually cross a tableland of rock to a deep inlet where the sea surges into the first of the two Carsaig Arches.British dryland farmingalso dry farmingnoun (mass noun) (mainly North American English) a method of farming in semi-arid areas without the aid of irrigation, using drought-resistant crops and conserving moistureExamplesHe developed dry farming and irrigation methods.North AmericanThis latter group of small private producers combine livestock with dry farming and are referred to in this paper as small landowners. |
