Unit 2: TENSES [Th]Ng php trong bi 1. Hin ti n:* Cu trc:[+] S + V/ V[s;es] + Object...[-] S do/ does not + V +...[?] Do/ Does + S + V* Cch dng:Hnh ng xy ra hin ti: I am here now.Thi quen hin ti: I play soccer.S tht hin nhin: The sun rises in the east.* Trng t i km:Always; usually; often; sometimes; occasionally; ever; seldom; rarely; every...* Lu V[s/es] - l Thm "s" hoc "es" vo sau ng t + Thm "s" hoc "es" vo sau ng t khi ch ng l "He / She / It v cc ch ng s t khc"+ Phn ln ch ng s t u c thm "s", ngoi tr nhng ng t t tn cng bng "o,x, ch, z, s, sh" th ta thm "es" + Khi ng t tn cng l "y" th i "y" thnh "I" v thm "es" vo sau ng t* Cch pht m s,es:/iz/: ce, x, z, sh, ch, s, ge/s/: t, p, f, k, th/z/:Cc trng hp cn li2. Hin ti tip din:* Cu trc:[+] S + is/am/are + Ving[-] S + is/am/are not + Ving[?] Is/Am/ Are + S + Ving* Cch dng:ang xy ra ti 1 thi im xc nh hin tiSp xy ra c d nh t trc.Khng dng vi cc ng t nhn thc tri gic nh: SEE; HEAR; LIKE; LOVE...* Trng t i km:At the moment; at this time; right now; now; ........3. Hin ti hon thnh:* Cu trc:[+] S + have/has + PII[-] S + have/has not + PII[?] Have/ Has + S + PII* Cch dng:Xy ra trong qa kh khng bit r thi gian.* Trng t:Just; recently; lately; ever; never; already; yet; since; for; so far; until now; up to now; up to present..
4. Hin ti hon thnh tip din:* Cu trc:[+] S + have/has been + Ving[-] S + have/has been + Ving[?] Have/Has + S + been + Ving* Cch dng:Xy ra trong qu kh, ko di n hin ti v c th tip tc xy ra trong tng lai. [Nhn mnh tnh lin tc ca hnh ng].* Trng t i km:just; recently; lately; ever; never; since; for5. Qu kh n:* Cu trc:[+] S + Ved/ PI-ct 2 trong bng ng t bt quy tc[-] S + didnt + V[?] Did + S + V* Cch dng:Hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh v bit r thi gian.* Trng t i km:Yesterday; the day before yesterday; ago; already; last; in + mc thi gian trong qu kh.* Cch c -ed:/id/: t,d/t/: c, ch, s, f, k, p x, sh/d/: cc trng hp cn li6. Qu kh tip din:* Cu trc:[+] S + was/ were + Ving[-] S + was / were not + Ving.[?] Was/ Were + S + Ving.* Cch dng:Cc hnh ng xy ra ti 1 thi im xc nh trong qu khMt hnh ng ang xy ra 1 hnh ng khc xen vo: hnh ng ang xy ra dng QKTD; hnh ng xen vo dng QK.* T ni i km:While; when.
7. Qu kh hon thnh:* Cu trc:[+] S + had + PII[-] S + had not + PII[?] Had + S + PII*Cch dng:Mt hnh ng xy ra trc 1 hnh ng khc trong QK [hnh ng xy ra trc dng QKHT; hnh ng xy ra sau dng QK].Hnh ng xy ra trc 1 thi im xc nh trong qu kh.* Trng t i km:Before; after; when; while; as soon as; by[trc]; already; never; ever; until...8. Qu kh hon thnh tip din [t dng]:* Cu trc:[+] S + had been + Ving[-] S + hadnt been + ving[?] Had + S + been + Ving* Cch dng:Ch hnh ng v ang din ra v c th hon tt trc 1 hnh ng khc trong qu kh [Nhn mnh n tnh lin tc ca hnh ng].* Trng t:Before; after; when; while; as soon as; by [trc]; already; ever; until9. Tng lai n:* Cu trc:[+] S + will/ shall + V [will ngy nay c th dng vi tt c cc[-] S + will/ shall not + V ngi nhng shall dng vi I v WE ][?]Will / Shall + S + V* Cch dng:Sp xy ra trong tng lai khng c d nh trc.Cu yu cu; ngh; li ha; d on cho tng lai.* Trng t:Tomorrow; the day after tomorrow; next; in + thi gian tng lai10. Tng lai gn:* Cu trc:[+] S + is/am/are + going to + V[-] S + is/am/ are not + going to + V[?]Is/Am/ Are + S + going to + V* Cch dng:Sp xy ra trong tng lai c d nh trc.Chc chn s xy ra trong tng lai theo 1 tnh hung cho trc.* Trng t:Tomorrow; the day after tomorrow; next; in+ thi gian tng lai
11. Tng lai tip din:* Cu trc:[+] S + will / shall + be + Ving[-] S + will / shall not + be + Ving[?] Will / Shall + S + be + Ving* Cch dng:ang xy ra ti thi im xc nh trong tng lai.* Trng t:Cc trng t nh trong tng lai n; nhng phi da vo tng hon cnh c th chia th.12. Tng lai hon thnh:* Cu trc:[+] S + will / shall + have + PII[-] S will/ shall not + have + PII[?] Will / Shall + S + have + PII* Cch dng:Mt hnh ng xy ra trc 1 hnh ng khc trong tng lai.Mt hnh ng xy ra trc 1 thi im xc nh trong tng lai.* Trng t:By the time; By + mc thi gian trong qu kh.13.Tng lai hon thnh tip din:* Cu trc:[+] S + will have been + Ving[-] S + wont have been + Ving[?] [How long] + will + S + have been + Ving*Cch dng:Kt hp vi mnh thi gian [ by the time + th hin ti n ]Din t hnh ng v ang xy ra v c th hon tt trc 1 hnh ng khc trong tng lai.* Du hiu nhn bit:By the time + mnh thi gian th hin ti; by + ngy/ gi.
A. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentenceCU HIDCH NGHA V GII THCH
1. Well start when he -------- readyA. willB. will isC. will beD. isGii thch:Trong 1 cu c 2 mnh ch thi gian, 1 mnh chia th tng lai th mnh cn li chia th hin ti n => Key DDch ngha:Chng ta s bt u khi anh y sn sng
2. We -------- at a party two months agoA. meetB. metC. have metD. meetingGii thch:Ago l du hiu ca th qu kh n=> key BDch ngha:Chng ta gp nhau 1 bui tic vo 2 thng trc
3. So far, there -------- no word from themA. isB. wasC. hasD. has beenGii thch:So far l du hiu ca th hin ti hon thnh=> key DDch ngha:n gi vn cha nhn c tin tc g t h
4. When I called on her, Mary -------- her roomA. cleanB. cleansC. cleaningD. was cleaningGii thch:Hnh ng ang din ra b hnh ng khc xen vo, th hnh ng ang din ra chia th qu kh tip din, hnh ng xen vo chia th qu kh n. [hnh ng lau phng ang din ra th b hnh ng gi in xen vo]=> key DDch ngha:Khi ti gi in cho Mary, th c y ang lau phng
B. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentenceBI C V CU HIDCH NGHA V GII THCH
From: The PrincipalTo : All teachersI have recently received several [1]-------- from parents about teachers being late for class. As you know, school policy is for all teachers to be in their classroom five minutes before the [2] -------- of a lesson. This sets a good example for our students. We cannot expect our students to be punctual if we are late ourselves. All teachers must observe school policy. T: Hiu trngn: Tc c cc gio vinGn y ti nhn c mt vi li phn nn t pha ph huynh v gio vin n lp tr. Nh bn bit, chnh sch trng cho tc c gio vin l phi c mt lp trc 5 pht khi lp hc bt u. iu ny s l tm gng tt cho hc sinh ca chng ta. Chng ta khng th mong i sinh vin ca chng ta n ng gi nu bn thn chng ta n tr. Tc c gio vin phi tun th chnh sch ny ca nh trng.
Question 1A. complaintsB. complainsC. complainD. complainingGii thch Q1:- Several + danh t s nhiu- Loi cu B v cu C, D v y l ng t=> Key AT miComplaint [n] s phn nn, li phn nnComplain [v] phn nn
Question 2A. endB. startC. finishD. introductionGii thch Q2:- Cu hi v t vng, ta phi dch ngha=> Key B
T MI TRONG BI
Dch ngha v gii thch chi tit Starter Toeic//www.facebook.com/groups/Toeic123 Trang 7- Principal : Hiu trng- Recived [v]: Nhn c [lun c ed]- Complaint [n] s phn nn, li phn nn Complain [v] phn nn- Expect [v] Mong i- Punctual = on tme : ng gi- Observe [v]: tun th, quan st- Immediately [adv] Ngay lp tc- Take someone to somewhere: a ai i u- Consult [v] Tham vn
C. Fill the blank with the appropriate wordCU HIDCH NGHA V GII THCH
Q1. All things --------, Professor Kim is the best instructor Ive ever hadA. consideredB. to considerC. consideringD. considerableGii thch:- y l cu b ng c lc b ng t- All thing [were] considered: Tt c mi th c xem xt=> Key ADch ngha: Sau khi tt c mi th c xem xt, gio s Kim l ngi ging dy hay nht m ti tng hc.
Q2. Im quite sure this business will --------A. payingB. pay forC. pay offD. paidGii thch:- Sau cc ng t khim khuyt [will] , ng t dng nguyn mu=> Key CT mi: Pay off = succeed [v] : Thnh cngDch ngha: Ti kh chc rng vic kinh doanh ny s thnh cng
Q3. Im sort of -------- with his flatteryA. disgustB. to disgustC. disgustingD. disgustedGii thch:- V tr cn thiu cn 1 tnh t b ngha cho trng t [sort of]. M ch ng ch ngi nn tnh t c ui ED=> Key DT mi: Sort of = Quite [adv]: kh l, phn no Dch ngha: Ti kh l gh tm v s nnh ht ca anh y
Q4. These pills will surely -------- your painA. easeB. easyC. easilyD. easinessGii thch:- V tr cn thiu cn mt ng t b ngha cho trng t [surely].- Loi cu C v y l trng t- :Loi cu D v y l danh t- Easy [adj] : d=> Key A Dch ngha: Nhng vin thuc ny chc chn s lm du cn au ca bn
PART 5: Incomplete SentencesCU HIDCH NGHA V GII THCH
Q1. Alex . that he had taken the test five times. [A] says [B] tells [C] said [D] toldGii thch:- Tell So to do Sth: ni vi ai v iu g , nn loi cu B v cu D- Trong cu ny ny chng ta thy had taken l qu kh hon thnh, m trong mt cu c 2 mnh , mt mnh chia qu kh hon thnh th mnh cn li qu kh n=> Key CDch ngha: Alex ni rng anh ta tham gia k thi ny 5 ln ri
Q2. Almost every part of our lives . computerized over the past 10 years.[A] have been[B] has been[C] was[D] had doneGii thch:- Over l du hiu ca th hin ti hon thnh nn loi cu C v cu D- ng t chia theo trc gii t of, m every lun chia s t => Key BDch ngha: Hu ht mi phn trong cuc sng ca chng ta c vi tnh ha hn 10 nm qua
Q3. Mike didnt . at Jills party last night because he had a headache.[A] show up[B] come up[C] make up[D] hang upGii thch:Khc nhau v ngha ta phi dch.=> Key AT mi: Show up [v] = appear: xut hinMake up: Lm pHang up: Gc myDch ngha: Mike khng xut hin ti bui tic ca Jill vo ti qua bi v c y b au u
Q4. I went to Los Angeles fifteen years .[A] before[B] ago[C] since[D] next toGii thch:ng t [went] chia th qu kh n, m ago l du hiu ca th qu kh n=> Key BDch ngha: Ti i n Los Angeles 15 nm trc
Q5. He seems . as surprised by the news as we were.[A] to being[B] was[C] to was[D] to have beenGii thch: Sem to Have PP Appear + Happen to V1=>Key DDch ngha: Anh y dng nh b ngc nhin bi tin tc nh chng ta vy
CU HIDCH NGHA V GII THCH
Q6. Kate usually . to class by bicycle, but today she went by bus because of the rain.[A] go[B] goes[C] went[D] goneGii thch:- usually l du hiu ca th hin ti n, v ch ng l ngi th 3 s t => Key BDch ngha: Kate thng i hc bng xe p, nhng hm nay anh y i xe but bi v tri ma
Q7.
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