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Newspaper ads recruited men for a two-week study of prison life for which participants would be paid $15 per day [about $85 today]. After undergoing screening to ensure they were psychologically healthy, 24 men began the study. Each was assigned to the role of either prisoner or guard.
The prisoners were "arrested" at their homes, booked and fingerprinted at the local police station, and brought to the prison, where
they were strip-searched and given uncomfortable uniforms of smocks and stocking caps. Prisoners were assigned three to a cell, where they were to spend most of their time, night and day, for the entire study. The guards wore uniforms and mirrored sunglasses [to prevent eye contact with prisoners] and wielded wooden batons. They could leave the prison between their eight-hour shifts.
One-third of the guards behaved in extremely sadistic ways, humiliating and harassing prisoners, forcing them
to stand naked in their cells, or allowing them to urinate and defecate only in a bucket in their cells. A prisoner who went on a hunger strike was locked in "solitary confinement," essentially a dark closet. The study was cut short after just six days, prompted by a graduate student's concern for participant safety