What is the general ethical principle regarding deception in social research quizlet?
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Terms in this set (52)Howard was hired by the Association of Alzheimer Caregivers to investigate if a new training program for caregivers was effective in reducing caregiver burden. What type of applied research is this? evaluation research Two scientists debate the moral consequences of genetically modified crops. One argues that the positives of these technologies outweigh any consequences, while the other believes that the new technologies are potentially hazardous to the local ecosystem. The debate these two scientists are having exemplifies how __________ has many implications to humanity. reflexive knowledge __________ creates a general mental picture of a social condition, __________ paints a detailed, highly accurate picture of a social condition, and __________ tests a theory's predictions or principle. Exploratory; descriptive; explanatory Elizabeth conducted a study of gambling establishments operated by American Indian groups. She examined two establishments operated by different tribes. During the study, she spent many hours at each establishment and gained a detailed knowledge of the tribal leaders, gambling employees, and gambling customers. She also investigated how the establishments were organized, their impact on economic development in the area, and how tribal members saw them. She was conducting a ______________. case study The main purpose of ______________ research is to explain "why" something occurs. Addresses causal relationships, tests formal theories, while ___________ research aims to answer questions of "who, what, when, where, and how." explanatory; descriptive _______________ is the type of applied research determining the effectiveness of a policy or a program subject to the mission, goals and objectives. Evaluation research Howard was recently named president of the Cable Corporation of America. He said he was going to institute PPBS in order to improve efficiency and productivity. He said PPBS was used by the U.S. Department of Defense in the 1960s and incorporates evaluation research into running an organization. What does PPBS stand for? Planning, Programming, and Budgeting System Cross sectional research is best described as the type of research involving quantitative and qualitative data collection ___________________. at one point of time _________ research is primarily aimed at professional researchers in the scientific community and supports the creation of new knowledge, while _________ research is primarily aimed at resolving a specific social problem. Basic; applied ______________ methods/techniques are more objective but they lack of in-depth analytical power, while ______________ methods/techniques are ideal for in-depth analysis limited by the subjectivity of its findings. Quantitative; Qualitative The primary thing that keeps most social scientific research within ethical-moral boundaries is ___________________. a researcher's personal moral code and the norms of the scientific community Cho has taken on a senior project to conduct a survey on students' attitudes and behaviors concerning sexual behavior. While distributing the questionnaire, he assures the group of students that no one will be able to trace responses to an individual. What ethical consideration is Cho assuring the respondents? Anonymity What is the general ethical principle regarding deception in social research? Deception can be ethically used only if it is essential to the research, where other methods of data collection would yield tainted unusable data. A great deal of learning about ethics is based on "famous cases." What was the "famous case" in which poor black men were not treated but allowed to become disabled and permanently harmed in a Public Health Service study administered by the U.S. federal government? Bad Blood The principle of voluntary consent in social research means that ___________________. researchers, when possible, must notify subjects that their participation is voluntary and that they can refuse to participate without penalty What is the purpose of an Institutional Review Board? It makes sure that research involving humans is carried out ethically. A researcher asks a group of teenagers who had previously been convicted of shoplifting to shoplift from a drugstore so he can observe the social dynamics of these skilled thieves. This researcher may be violating the ethical principle, which states ___________________. do not place subjects in legal jeopardy What is NOT a recommended way to go about when you conduct your literature review? Do not keep record of the bibliographies. When social scientists conduct interviews, it is required by the ethics of the field that the social scientist receives "informed consent." What is "informed consent"? Getting permission to conduct the interview after having given the respondent some information about research/interview The use of the Internet has become a valuable tool in conducting literature reviews, but should NOT be considered a replacement to traditional library research. Why? There is no quality control over what gets on the Internet. The global "War on Terror" of the 2000s was caused by 19 hijackers who flew commandeered airplanes into the World Trade Centers in New York, the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., and a field in Pennsylvania. Which logical error of causal explanation is presented in this explanation of the "War on Terror"? Reductionism Professor Redears examined the following types of marital status: married, never married, widowed, separated and divorced. The types of marital status are called ___________________. attributes Beth tested whether an individual's attitudes about homosexuality varied by how frequently the individual attended religious services. What is Beth's dependent variable? Attitudes about homosexuality What is an example of a double-barreled hypothesis? Taxpayers tend to object strongly to new taxes when economic conditions are declining and to ones that wealthiest people do not have to pay. What is bricolage? A technique of social research that uses diverse and inventive methods in conducting social research When making statements of causality, one has to be careful of not making the error of ecological fallacy. Ecological fallacy is _______________. an error in explanation in which associations among large-scale units (countries, etc..) are used to explain associations among small-scale units (individuals, etc...) Teleology is an error of causal explanation. It states that _______________. the causal relationship is untestable because the independent variable cannot be empirically measured. Dr. Dunham hypothesizes that an individual's political orientation has an effect on that individual's stand on the abortion issue. "Political orientation" was used as his _______________. independent variable What is a characteristic of quantitative research design? Researchers begin by developing hypotheses then they test them using empirical data. New York has higher crime rates than in Hawaii. Based on this conclusion, if we meet a person from New York and we assume that has committed a crime, this is a type of _______________. ecological fallacy Vince wants to draw a sample of people in Hawaii who own 1960s Schwinn Sting-Ray children's bicycles, a collector's item. There is no list of the people, but there is an informal network (acquaintances) of Sting-Ray owners. What type of sampling should Vince use? Snowball sampling Florencia asked the registrar at her school to provide a list of all sociology majors. She then selected every fourth name on the list. She used what sampling method? Systematic random What is a range of values, usually a little higher and lower than a specific value found in a sample, within which a researcher has a specified a high degree of confidence that the population parameter lies? Confidence intervals If the probability of selection cannot be determined before a sample is drawn, what type of sampling procedure MUST be used? Non-probability sampling The entire set of individuals or entities to which study findings are to be generalized is known as a ______________________. population A __________________ is where sub-groups within the population are identified as sharing some characteristic, and elements are randomly selected from with those sub-groups. stratified random sampling A list of all elements or other units containing the elements in a population is known as a ____________________________. sampling frame A researcher asks students in an introductory sociology class to take an Internet survey on student attitudes towards puppy dogs. What kind of sample is the researcher using? Haphazard sample What is the calculation derived from a sample that is intended to estimate a population parameter? Statistic A subset of a population used to study the population as a whole is known as a ________________. sample In open-ended questions, the respondent chooses the best answer available in a list constructed by the researcher. True or false? False What is not included in the guidelines of the questionnaire construction? Extensive use of negative items. What is included in the guidelines of the questionnaire construction? - Select appropriate question forms. A _________ is a survey question intended for only some respondents, determined by their responses to some other question. contingency question Asking subjects "Did your children go to high school?" after they told you that they have no children violates what criteria in question construction? Questions should be relevant. _____ questions have a respondent select an answer from a list provided. Closed-ended What is typically the most common unit of analysis when we conduct survey research? Individuals What are the many advantages that underlie the growing popularity of telephone surveys? - Money Bias in a questionnaire item ___________________. encourages respondents to answer questions in a particular way What is NOT an advantage of interview surveys? Cheaper and more time efficient As a general rule, a questionnaire should be ___________________. - Spread out (uncluttered) What is an advantage of interview surveys? - Fewer incomplete questionnaires Sets with similar termsSocial Work Research80 terms barabad Sociology Chapter 356 terms Adriana_Herrera10 SOC 350 Exam 163 terms HNL247 Research Methods test 145 terms Kathryn_Halldin Verified questions
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Which of the following is the central reason why researchers use deception in their research?Researchers sometimes use deception in studies in order to obscure the true purpose of the experiment in order to try to get accurate results that could otherwise be skewed by the participant's knowledge of what the study is truly about.
Which of the following is true of the use of deception in psychological research?Which of the following is true of the use of deception in psychological research? It is acceptable if there is no alternative way to conduct the study.
What is ethical research quizlet?Research ethics. Concerns the responsibility of researchers to be honest and respectful to all individuals who are affected by their research studies or their reports of the studies' results.
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